Kanon oksidental

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Den términonan kultural, e kanon oksidental ta referí na e kurpa di literatura, músika, arte i filosofia ku tradishonalmente ta wòrdu konsiderá komo mas importante den historia oksidental. E krítiko literario Harold Bloom a resumí esaki komo "e kolekshon di gran obranan ku ta representá triunfal e mihó di kultura oksidental".^[1] Den práktika, e kánon ta referí na un grupo di obranan importante akademiko i ta wòrdu mira komo e fundeshi di kultura oksidental. Bloom i otronan a deskribí e kánon komo un manera pa apresiá balor estétiko universal i pa siña kon pa pensa profundamente i independientemente.^[2]

Outornan i obranan klave

Listanan kanoniko ta varia, pero mayoria historia di literatura oksidental ta nombra sierto outornan i obranan komo esensial. Bloom su deskripshon di e kanon, por ehèmpel, a enfoká riba un lista kòrtiku di 26 "inmortal", ku ta varia di edat medio pa moderno. Esakinan ta inkluí figuranan manera Dante Alighieri (Divina Commedia), William Shakespeare (su obranan teatral i sonetonan), Michel de Montaigne (Essais), Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (Faust), Jane Austen (Pride and Prejudice, Emma), Emily Dickinson (poesia), Virginia Woolf (Mrs. Dalloway, To the Lighthouse), Franz Kafka (Der Prozess, Die Verwandlung), i Samuel Beckett (Waiting for Godot). E eskritornan aki ta wòrdu diskutí regularmente den antologianan di kursonan di literatura oksidental. Den formulashon di Bloom, nan ta representá obranan "ku ta atendé temanan universal na un manera úniko i poderoso". E punto ta ku un grupo relativamente chikitu di outor i obranan maestral a dominá e kuríkulonan di kultura literario oksidental pa mucho tempu.^[2]

Krítika i kontroversianan

E kanon oksidental a wòrdu disputa fuertemente riba vários tereno. Eksklushon i Eurosentrismo: Krítikonan ta argumentá ku e kanon tradishonalmente a enfatisá obranan Oropeo (i despues Nort Amérika) te na kasi eksklushon di otro kulturanan. Hopi eskritornan kòlo skur, femenino i no-oksidental a wòrdu ignorá pa hopi tempu, no pa motibunan literario, pero pa motibu di nan identidat por ehèmpel, eskritornan manera Rabindranath Tagore (India), Lu Xun (China), i Zora Neale Hurston (Merka) a wòrdu nenga entrada den e kanon.^[2] E krítikanan aki ta alimentá movementunan komprometé na dekolonisashon di kuríkulonan, por ehèmpel studiantenan na Skol di Estudionan Oriental i Afrikano (School of Oriental and AFrican Studies, SOAS) na Universidart di London a boga pa inklushon di kursonan di filosofia oksidental ku pensadónan di Asia i Afrika, pasobra nan a sinti ku e kuríkulo tabata muchu "blanku".^[3]

Ideologia i Balornan: Den un sentido mas amplio, debatenan tokante e kanon hopi bia ta sigui kreensianan polítiko. Eskritornan konservativo manera Harold Bloom a atvertí kontra di hasi literatura muchu polítiko. Bloom a kritiká loke el a yama e "Skol di Renkor", ku a inkluí krítikonan feminista, minoritario i marksista. El a argumentá ku un kánon sekular semper ta kambiando, pero agregá obranan nobo tin bia por "pusha esnan mihó afo".^[1] Krítikonan progresivo, di otro banda, ta argumentá ku e kanon mes no ta neutral, pero histórikamente formá pa poder. Nan ta señalá ku hopi obra kanoniko ta kontené puntonan di bista imperialista, rasista òf seksista.^[2]

Referensia

E artíkulo aki òf un vershon anterior di dje ta un tradukshon di e artíkulo Kanon oksidental riba e Wikipedia ingles, ku ta kai bao di e lisensia Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike. Mira e historia di edishon einan.

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Kenan Malik, Harold Bloom was right to extol great literature, but was often blind to who was neglected. theguardian.com (20 òktober 2019). Konsultá dia 16 mei 2025. "He insisted, too, that the “western canon” – the body of great works that represents the triumphant best of western culture – was something to celebrate and defend"
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Robert Zaretsky, The Bloom Has Faded: Reforming the Western canon may not go far enough. theamericanscholar.org (22 yüni 2020). Konsultá dia 16 mei 2025.
↑ (en) Kenan Malik, Are Soas students right to ‘decolonise’ their minds from western philosophers?. theguardian.com (19 febrüari 2017). Konsultá dia 16 mei 2025. "prestigious London university are demanding that figures such as Plato, Descartes and Immanuel Kant should be largely dropped from the curriculum because they are white.”"

[:1-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Kenan Malik, Harold Bloom was right to extol great literature, but was often blind to who was neglected. theguardian.com (20 òktober 2019). Konsultá dia 16 mei 2025. "He insisted, too, that the “western canon” – the body of great works that represents the triumphant best of western culture – was something to celebrate and defend"

[:0-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Robert Zaretsky, The Bloom Has Faded: Reforming the Western canon may not go far enough. theamericanscholar.org (22 yüni 2020). Konsultá dia 16 mei 2025.

[3] (en) Kenan Malik, Are Soas students right to ‘decolonise’ their minds from western philosophers?. theguardian.com (19 febrüari 2017). Konsultá dia 16 mei 2025. "prestigious London university are demanding that figures such as Plato, Descartes and Immanuel Kant should be largely dropped from the curriculum because they are white.”"

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