Klein Bonaire

Klein Bonaire
	Isla Klein Bonaire
Geografia
Archipielago	Antias Menor
Lokalisashon	Laman Karibe
Elevashon riba ; nivel di laman	2 meter
Koordinatonan	12°9′29″N 68°18′39″W / 12.15806°N 68.31083°W
Atministrashon
Pais	Hulanda
Teritorio atministrativo	Boneiru
Karakterístikanan físiko
Geologia	Koral
Área	6 km²
Largura	3,9 kilometer
Anchura	2,5 kilometer
Poblashon
Populashon	inhabitá
Mapa detayá di Klein Bonaire
	Imágennan riba Wikimedia Commons
	[Editá Wikidata] · [Manual]

Klein Bonaire ta un isla chikitu, inhabitá, na kosta wèst di Boneiru.^[1] E isla ta kai bou di e teritorio di entidat públiko di Boneiru i ta forma parti di e Bonaire National Marine Park.^[2]

Geografia

Klein Bonaire ta situá en frente di Kralendijk riba un distansia di 800 meter ku un área di 6 km². E ta relativamente plat i no ta subi mas ku dos meter riba nivel di laman.^[3]

E úniko strukturanan riba e isla ta algun ruina di kas di katibu (strukturanan chikitu, di un solo kamber ku ta data for di e periodo di sklabitut di e region), i un refugio chikitu habrí riba playa ku mirada pa Boneiru. E isla no tin awa koriente ni fasilidatnan sanitario.

Historia

Na 1868, Klein Bonaire a wòrdu bendí ku Angel Jeserun i a keda den mannan privá te 1999. Durante e periodo aki a kita e palunan nativo, loke a resultá den un kresementu di mata di mondi riba henter e isla. E desaroyo di Klein Bonaire A hasi intentu algun biaha promé ku su establesimentu komo un reserva marino pa desaroya Klein Bonaire, e último intento sin eksito tabata na 1995.

Hende lokal preokupá a uni pa salba e isla i a rekoudá fondo pa hasi esaki i asina The Fundation for the Preservation of Klein Bonaire (FPKB) a nase. Pa medio di esfuersonan di FPKB i otro partidonan konserní, i ku plaka di e Departamentu di Interior i Asuntunan di Reino di Hulanda, e Fondo Mundial di Naturalesa di Hulanda i FPKB, a logra kumpra e isla na 1999 pa 9 mion Florin Antiano ( US$5 mion).

Klein Bonaire awor ta forma parti di Parke Marino Nashonal di Boneiru.^[2] Plannan a largu plaso ta inkluí reintrodukshon di e vegetashon nativo.

Flora i founa

Asina mes ku e komposishon di espesie ta generalmente similar entre Boneiru i Klein Bonaire, e komposishon pa ku asamblea di piská na Klein Bonaire ta distinto.^[1]

Klein Bonaire ta rondoná pa un ref perifériko.^[1] Montastraea annularis tabata e koral mas komun mirá durante un enkuesta di 2011.^[4] Na 2023, un investigashon a evaluá e presensia di un malesa di refkoral (koral duru), yamá SCTLD (stony coral tissue loss disease) den Karibe Hulandes. A konkluí ku Klein Bonaire (i region di Kralendijk) ta eksperensia redukshon mas severo (25-50%) di refkoral.^[5]

Klein Bonaire ta forma habitat permanentemente pa tortuga blanku (Chelonia mydas) i karèt (Eretmochelys imbricata).^[6] Klein Bonaire, entre otro, tambe ta habitat pa kawama (Caretta caretta) i okashonalmente flamingo durante temporada di brui, òf traha nèshi (kreadero).^[6] Playanan di Klein Bonaire ta alohá e konsentrashon mas altu di karèt i kawama ku ta brui den parti sùit di Karibe (ekskluí Panama).^[7]

E isla a wòrdu asigná pa BirdLife International komo un "Important Bird Area" (IBA) pasobra e ta sostené poblashonnan di espesie di para menasá òf di alkanse restringí, inkluyendo paloma di mondi (Patagioenas corensis), meuchi chikitu (Sternula antillarum) i chonchorogai (Elaenia martinica). E ta tambe un sitio di krio pa lopi pik diki (Anarhynchus wilsonia) i lopi blanku (Anarhynchus nivosus).^[8]

Galeria

Bista riba Kralendijk i Klein Bonaire
Playa di Klein Bonaire
Bista aéreo di Klein Bonaire

Fuente, nota i/òf referensia

1 2 3 Pattengill- Semmens, C.V. (2002). The reef fish assemblage of Bonaire Marine Park: an analysis of REEF Fish Survey Project data | Reef Environmental Education Foundation. Proceedings 53rd Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute 53: 591-605. Konsultá dia 20 yanüari 2026.
1 2 Ramsar Convention page riba wèpsait di Bonaire National Marine Park
↑ (en) Geest, Matthijs van der, Meesters, Erik, Mücher, Sander (2020). Impact of terrestrial erosion on coral reef health at Bonaire: a plea for nature-inclusive "watershed-to-reef" based coastal management . Wageningen Marine Research, Netherlands. DOI:10.18174/524688.
↑ Hester, J. B., Walker, J. M., Dinnel, P. A., & Schwarck, N. T. (2011). Survey of Previously Outplanted Pinto (Northern) Abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana) in the San Juan Island Archipelago, Washington State.. In American Academy of Underwater Sciences 30th Scientific Symposium. Archivá riba 20 yanüari 2026. Konsultá dia 16 aprel 2013.
↑ Pepe, Bernardo A. (10 yanüari 2025). Assessing the impact of stony coral tissue loss disease on coral cover on Bonaire’s Leeward side. Frontiers in Marine ScienceFrontiers in Marine Science. ISSN: 2296-7745. DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2024.1512371.
1 2 Bonaire’s Sea Turtles
↑ (en) Becking, Le (12 mei 2016). Post-breeding migration routes of marine turtles from Bonaire and Klein Bonaire, Caribbean Netherlands. Endangered Species Research: 117–124. ISSN: 1863-5407. DOI: 10.3354/esr00733.
↑ Klein Bonaire. BirdLife Data Zone. BirdLife International (2007).

[:0-1] 1 2 3 Pattengill- Semmens, C.V. (2002). The reef fish assemblage of Bonaire Marine Park: an analysis of REEF Fish Survey Project data | Reef Environmental Education Foundation. Proceedings 53rd Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute 53: 591-605. Konsultá dia 20 yanüari 2026.

[ramsar-2] 1 2 Ramsar Convention page riba wèpsait di Bonaire National Marine Park

[3] (en) Geest, Matthijs van der, Meesters, Erik, Mücher, Sander (2020). Impact of terrestrial erosion on coral reef health at Bonaire: a plea for nature-inclusive "watershed-to-reef" based coastal management . Wageningen Marine Research, Netherlands. DOI:10.18174/524688.

[Jekielek2011-4] Hester, J. B., Walker, J. M., Dinnel, P. A., & Schwarck, N. T. (2011). Survey of Previously Outplanted Pinto (Northern) Abalone (Haliotis kamtschatkana) in the San Juan Island Archipelago, Washington State.. In American Academy of Underwater Sciences 30th Scientific Symposium. Archivá riba 20 yanüari 2026. Konsultá dia 16 aprel 2013.

[5] Pepe, Bernardo A. (10 yanüari 2025). Assessing the impact of stony coral tissue loss disease on coral cover on Bonaire’s Leeward side. Frontiers in Marine ScienceFrontiers in Marine Science. ISSN: 2296-7745. DOI: 10.3389/fmars.2024.1512371.

[:1-6] 1 2 Bonaire’s Sea Turtles

[7] (en) Becking, Le (12 mei 2016). Post-breeding migration routes of marine turtles from Bonaire and Klein Bonaire, Caribbean Netherlands. Endangered Species Research: 117–124. ISSN: 1863-5407. DOI: 10.3354/esr00733.

[bli-8] Klein Bonaire. BirdLife Data Zone. BirdLife International (2007).

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Islanan grandi:	Aruba · Boneiru · Kòrsou · Saba · Sint Eustatius · Sint Maarten
Islanan chikitu:	Klein Bonaire · Klein Kòrsou · Green Island · Orubilla